The Culture of Ethiopia and major attraction

introduction : Africa is known for the culture with much cultural diversity. Many different cultures can be found within the continent of Africa. Ethiopia is very well known around the world and I decided to write about my country Ethiopia.Ethiopia has a beautiful culture filled with richness in art, language, religion, and ethnicity.
Ethiopia has very well known around the world but most people they don’t know about Ethiopia culture, languages, religion, festivals and events, food, music, and art based on this I would like to describe about those things.  Ethiopia is the only country in Africa that has never been colonized and their people take pride in their struggle to keep their independence. And Ethiopia has reached by Natural resources like gold, platinum, copper, potash, and natural gas. 
There are major attractions like The Simien Mountain highlands, Afar Depression, Erta Ale, The rock-hewn churches of Lalibela, The Castles of Gondar Axum historical and archaeological sites and also The River Nile; the longest river in Africa, Sof Omar is one of the most spectacular and extensive underground cave systems in the world and Australopithecus afarensis or  Lucy is called "dinknesh," lucy is the earliest evidence of our ancestors has been discovered in Ethiopia those are major attraction in Ethiopia.

Body 1

1.History

2. language

3. ethnicity

4. religion

5 .holidays

Body 2

major attractions like

1.Simien Mountain highlands

2.Afar Depression, Erta Ale

3.Sof Omar,The River Nile 

4Australopithecus afarensis (Lucy)

5.Axum,Lalibela, Gondar

 Conclusion: I hope that reading this paper gave you a better insight on the country of Ethiopia, because this paper Describe about Ethiopia history and some major attraction place, natures, some architecture building and culture Ethiopia has a beautiful culture filled with richness in art, language, religion, and ethnicity. Most people don’t know because it’s overlooked is that Ethiopia is just about the only country in Africa that has never been colonized and their people take pride in their struggle to keep their independence.

Bibliography for my final research paper

Africaguide. The Africa Guide. http://www.africaguide.com/country/ethiopia/

Childs, Celin. The Beauty of Ethiopian Culture. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/14904

Gish, Steve, Thay, Winne, and Latif, Zawiah. Ethiopia. Benchmark Books, NY.: 2 edition, April 15, 2007 

 

 

 

 

 

interview 3
 
1..Ramadan, Abdullah
2.Mattson, Valerie
3sainju,jasmin
 The three students got 20 points because all of them did the all interview parts step by step and thay has clear interview because of this I give high score .

Here is the score card

interview 2
 Here are the top 3 scorers of the third interview.

1.sainju,jasmin
2.Mattson, Valerie
3.Ramadan, Abdullah

 The three students got 20 points because all of them did the all interview parts step by step and thay has clear interview.

 Here is the Score card  


 

Third interview

This is my third interview I already did the last two interviews, so I have good experience for last two interview so I did third interview without any problem this  experience helps me to do better at this  time I still choose interview with  Somalia person. I did interview with Abdul he came from Mogadishu we meet at the library I’m still used my phone to recorded interview process. The objective of this interview is to study to know others culture, lifestyle, holidays, religion, history, and personal experience because of this We point out so many things with tis interview.  

How did I approach people?

    I did third interview with someone his Name is Abdul he is an international students he came from Somalia he is sophomore student. I meet him last weekend and I asked him if he has time to do an interview with me for my English class 191 and he told me his ready for the questions. we arranged the time and place. During the   interview time we discussion a lot of information. He was comfortable to do this Interview with me. I told him that the interview was for my class work and that I would ask him general questions and that, I would record our conversion. He wanted to know why I wanted to record the conversation and I told him that is was for transcription purposes. He quickly decided to go ahead with the interview. We did the interview at the library  in the room .

Interview report for the third  interview

I found the most interesting thing for third interview is  Marriage is considered a sacred and blessed event in Somalia, as it typically takes place only once in an individual’s lifetime. Yet, while Somali culture embraces this union between two people as an institution, there is one aspect to this otherwise happy occasion that remains an ever present specter on this aspect of Somali culture: forced marriage. The Somali “community” is comprised of a vast and varied array of clans, social groups, and familial bonds, each of which carries with it its own beliefs when it comes to the concept of marriage. For some Somalis, when a girl reaches the age of nine, she is considered suitable for marrying a given suitor. Such is the nature of this belief system that by the age of 15, if the girl has not yet been wed, she may be considered flawed in some aspect and viewed as an outcast or as bad luck to her family.

Country Report
 

Mogadishu was located in east Africa Mogadishu without a formal parliament for more than two decades after the overthrow of President SiadBarre in 1991.Years of anarchy followed the downfall of President Barre, and it was not until 2012, when a new internationally-backed government was installed, that the country began to enjoy a measure of stability once more. The decades of fighting between rival warlords meant that the country was ill-equipped to deal with natural disasters such as drought, and around half a million people died in the Somali famines of 1992 and 2010-12. Mogadishu governor has less mean to the people. Mogadishu Living in Mogadishu is very simple. You do not have to work every day if you have something to eat and they food there is very cheap. People in Mogadishu can build their own house on any empty land and they do not have to pay for that land, because it’s their homeland and governor has no control. The land is controlled by the people of Mogadishu. The situation has been further aggravated by prolonged droughts. The combination of conflict and Natural disasters has eroded livelihoods, caused structural food insecurity, population displacements and extreme poverty. Moreover, as a consequence of civil insecurity and of the absence of a central government, the Somali health and educational systems have ceased functioning. The country belongs to the group of Low-Income Countries under Stress (LICUS).Poverty and food insecurity affect vulnerable groups such as nomadic pastoral communities and internally displaced people particularly, as well as the rural population as a whole. Agriculture and livestock rearing are the most important sectors of the economy, but the country is still heavily dependent on external aid and remittances from Somali living abroad. The population is predominantly rural and very young, with a high crude birth rate and a very high dependency ratio. The health and educational sectors now depend on international organizations and NGOs.Problems of insecurity limit the provision of services. As a consequence, the level of indicators of human development in Somalia is very low. Infant, child and maternal mortality rates are extremely high. Incidence of infectious diseases is very high, and immunization rates are low. Life expects an estimated at 47 years. The food supply is based on milk and cereals. The dietary energy supply is insufficient to meet the population’s energy requirements.

     Work Cited:

(Mathews, december 2002)

 https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html

http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/ACLED-Country-Report_Somalia_April-2013.pdf

ftp://ftp.fao.org/es/esn/nutrition/ncp/som.pdf
     4) Interview Transcription  

Abdul: A

GIRUM: G (ME)

 G: (ME)  HI, How are you? 

  A : Good. How are you?  

G: (ME) I’m good. Are you ready for the interview? 

  A : Sure I’m glad to do this interview    

 G: (ME)  okay thanks   

 G : (ME) I need to record our interview, is it ok for you?  

 A : What is that for?   

 G: (ME) I want to record the vioce because its use for  transcription purposes.    

 A : okay I understand No problem.  

 G : (ME) okay thank you for taking your time to ansewer this questions . 

 A : I’m glad to do this because it’s good opportunity to present my country for others so I’m willing to do this interview  
 G: (ME) okay, I will ask you ten core questions in the class and seven question that I made. So totally
Seventeen questions, and this is the question list. You can check the list.

  A: alright

G : (ME) Let’s start the interview.


 A: okay

 G: (ME)   are you going to saint cloud state university ?


A:yes im a freshman studant in saint cloud state universty

 G :(ME) do you belong to any campus organization or community organizations ?


A: I attended Somali organization

 G: (ME) did you bring somting with you to the states to remind you of home ?

A:Yes, I have a lot of traditional clothe in my home I mostly wear the traditional cloth like Muslim people wear such as Hijjab and dira.

 G: (ME) what is your favirite class this semester and why?

A: I'm taking a couple computer classes this semester, and they're both very interesting. One of them forms a link between my major and minor, so that's cool. The other one would be enjoyable if I had any idea what was going on half the time, but at least it's not boring. Between the two of them, I'll get a little experience with Perl and Javascript and perhaps some other things. Woo programming!


 G :(ME) what is your native language ? Do you speak other languages ?

 A:  In my home country, we have different languages in our country we have one official language is Somalia but some people spoken Arabic language

Core Questions

G : (ME) How long have you been in the United States?

A: I have been here for five years I use to go to high school here

G : (ME) How do you communicate with each other in your home country?

A: We communicate mostly in the same way every other country communicates like talking, messaging using text messages and phone calls, and I told you our  major language Ins my home country Somalia.
 
G: (ME) what is the clothing style for man and women

  A:  The women in my country mostly wear the traditional cloth od Muslim poeple wear such as Hijjab and dira. And some of the men’s wear modern cloth and the old people wear traditional cloth khamis.

 G :(ME) How has your experience here helped you interpret and respect culteral differences ?

A: Living in a new culture can be exhilarating, personally rewarding, and intellectually stimulating. It can also be frustrating. It is one thing to visit a country, moving on when you have seen enough, and it is quite another to live there and function according to a different, and sometimes, mysterious set of norms but my Family helps me to accept and to respect another clutters so I respect all .

G : (ME) How are women and men treated differently?

 A: According to Islamic laws, Its better for woman to stay her home. the man also has right over the women work in homes and take care of children, when men work outside to provide for families. However these days that has dramatically changed. Women are also working outside to support their families. Women are now attending school in large numbers as well.

 G : (ME) Do you enjoy speaking with other exchange students?

  A: yes, i have a many friends who are exchange studentsI definitely enjoy speaking with other exchange students. I have learned lots of things from them and I also thought them lots of things they didn’t know before. I think having exchange students is such a wonderful, because we can learn each other’s’ culture, religion and manners at the same time respect them and live with them peacefully.

 G:Have you been able to visit any other parts of the United States?

A:Yes I went to marry land Chicago and Florida and California with my parent and my school friend I remember last spring we went to Florida for spring  brake .

G: What are your home country’s major religions?

A : In my own country we only have one Religion and that is Islam Major Religion is Islamic there is no other religion in Somalia.

G: What influenced you to come to the United States? Especially, Saint Cloud State?

A: To be honest with you when I was Somalia I’m really want to come in the united states so  My family has influenced to come in to in the United States and one of my friends he used to go to Saint Cloud state university because of this I come here to join him .

G:Do you have any questions for me? I have asked so many of you!

A:I don’t have questions thanks for asking .

 Second Interview

How did I approach people?
    I did second interview with someone her name Hanna she is an international students she came from Somalia she is sophomore student. I meet her last weekend and I asked her if she has time to do an interview with me for my class English 191 and she said sure. The first question for her was about those questions I have. I showed her the questions, and we arranged the time and place. During the   interview she told me she was doing this for the second time. She was comfortable to do this Interview with me. I told her that the interview was for my class work and that I would ask her general questions and that, I would record our conversion. She wanted to know why I wanted to record the conversation and I told her that is was for transcription purposes. She quickly agreed to go ahead with the interview. We meet at the centennial hall third floor we did it the interview.

Interview report for the second interview

    The interview took place in a studding room at the centennial hall. The interview was good she felt comfortable throughout the interviewing process. She was really wants to promote her culture and her country life she told me most of Somalia woman traditional culture is a predominately patriarchal society that blends traditions and norms with Islamic teaching. The shape of the culture is affected by the interaction between these two factors. The place of women in an Islamic society is determined by the Koran, the tradition of the Prophet Mohammed (PUB), and the interpretations of Islamic law and traditions influenced by social customs and practices. In Somali culture, the agnatic principle defines the identity and affinity of both men and women. The clan system not only provides collective and individual identity to members but also serves as the collective memory. Though flexible and dynamic, the clan system proscribes paths of social and personal development for women quite distinct from those of men. Among the rights granted to women by Islam were the rights to life and education as well as the right to inherit, manage and maintain property.

Country Report

     Mogadishu was located in east Africa Mogadishu without a formal parliament for more than two decades after the overthrow of President SiadBarre in 1991.Years of anarchy followed the downfall of President Barre, and it was not until 2012, when a new internationally-backed government was installed, that the country began to enjoy a measure of stability once more. The decades of fighting between rival warlords meant that the country was ill-equipped to deal with natural disasters such as drought, and around half a million people died in the Somali famines of 1992 and 2010-12. Mogadishu governor has less mean to the people. Mogadishu Living in Mogadishu is very simple. You do not have to work every day if you have something to eat and they food there is very cheap. People in Mogadishu can build their own house on any empty land and they do not have to pay for that land, because it’s their homeland and governor has no control. The land is controlled by the people of Mogadishu. The situation has been further aggravated by prolonged droughts. The combination of conflict and Natural disasters has eroded livelihoods, caused structural food insecurity, population displacements and extreme poverty. Moreover, as a consequence of civil insecurity and of the absence of a central government, the Somali health and educational systems have ceased functioning. The country belongs to the group of Low-Income Countries under Stress (LICUS).Poverty and food insecurity affect vulnerable groups such as nomadic pastoral communities and internally displaced people particularly, as well as the rural population as a whole. Agriculture and livestock rearing are the most important sectors of the economy, but the country is still heavily dependent on external aid and remittances from Somali living abroad. The population is predominantly rural and very young, with a high crude birth rate and a very high dependency ratio. The health and educational sectors now depend on international organizations and NGOs.Problems of insecurity limit the provision of services. As a consequence, the level of indicators of human development in Somalia is very low. Infant, child and maternal mortality rates are extremely high. Incidence of infectious diseases is very high, and immunization rates are low. Life expects an estimated at 47 years. The food supply is based on milk and cereals. The dietary energy supply is insufficient to meet the population’s energy requirements.

 The country depends heavily on imports of cereals, vegetable Oil and sweeteners. The supply of fruit and vegetables, as well as that of meat, is low. Agro pastoral communities have a slightly more diversified diet than pastoral communities. Although breastfeeding is common, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding is low and bottle feedings widespread. The limited data available also indicate a short duration of breastfeeding. The security situation precludes conducting large-scale nutrition surveys. Many district surveys are carried out but an overall assessment of the situation at country level is impossible and trends cannot be estimated. Most surveys show that the level of wasting in under-fives is extremely high but important variations between districts and over time are also observed. Central/South Somalia is the region most affected by wasting. Data on stunting are limited. Iodine deficiency is probably a major public health problem as access to iodized salt is extremely limited, but data are lacking to assess the situation. Limited data show that vitamin A deficiency is highly prevalent. The coverage by supplementation of preschool children and mothers with vitamin A is still insufficient. Small-scale studies also show that the prevalence of anemia is very high among preschool children.   

Work Cited:

(Mathews, december 2002)

https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/so.html

http://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/ACLED-Country-Report_Somalia_April-2013.pdf

ftp://ftp.fao.org/es/esn/nutrition/ncp/som.pdf

 4) Interview Transcription

  Zeynab: Z
GIRUM: G (ME)

 G:  (ME)  Hi, Zeynab . How are you?

 
   Z :  Good. How are you?


 G:  (ME) I’m good. Are you ready for the interview?

 
   Z :  Sure I’m glad to do this interview  


 G : (ME)  I need to record our interview, is it ok for you?

 
 Z  :  why ?


G:  (ME)  I want to record the vioce  because its use for  
   transcription purposes.


  Z  :  okay  I understand No problem.


G : (ME) okay thank you for taking your time to ansewer this questions .

 
   Z :   No problem.


 G:  (ME)   I will ask you ten core questions in the class and seven question that I made. So totally
Seventeen questions, and this is the question list. You can check the list.

 

Z  :  okay

G : (ME)   Let’s start the interview.

Z : okay

 G: (ME)   are you ging to saint cloud state universty ?

 Z : Yes I’m sophomore student in Saint Cloud state university I’m doing my major Biological Sciences
 

When I was Mogadishu I have a dream to learn architectural but now I change my mind to learn biomedical it’s kind of  interesting for me so I’m doing my masters with this subject.     

G :(ME)  do you belong to any campus organization or community organizations ?

 
 Z:  yes, i have enjoyed a somali organization group here at st cloud state.


G:  (ME)  did you bring somting with you to the states to remind you of home ?

 
 Z : Yes, I have a lot of traditional clothe in my home.


G: (ME)  what is your favirite class this semester and why?

 Z :  My favorite class is this semester is biology because I’m really enjoy to know about life and about the human structure. 

 

G :(ME) what is your native language ? Do you speak other languages ?

 

Z  : The official languages of Somalia are Somali and Arabic but i can't speak other languages .

 Core Questions

 

 G : (ME) How long have you been in the United States?

 

 Z:  I have been in the United States for approximately four and a half months now. 
 

G : (ME) How do you communicate with each other in your home country?

 

 Z :  In my home country, we have different languages in our country we have one official language is Somalia but some people spoken Arabic language
 

G: (ME) what is the clothing style for man and women

 Z :    The women in my country mostly wear the traditional cloth od Muslim poeple wear such as Hijjab and dira. And some of the men’s wear modern cloth and the old people wear traditional cloth khamis.

G :(ME)     How has your experience here helped you interpret and respect culteral differences ?

  Z :    Sometimes, when wrapped up in the midst of our own beliefs, we can find it challenging to accept others ways of life and rituals. However, close mindedness and intolerance are not the way to go, especially when there is so much we can learn about other cultures. Learning to accept and respect other cultures is an important step that opens your mind to the world around you and everyone's unique differences werespect all other country  .

 G :  (ME) How are women and men treated differently?

  Z  :   the women treated very respectful way of manners. they do not have to work at all. the man its his responsibilty to take care all needs of his wife. if they like to work they are free to work. According to Islamic laws, Its better for woman to stay her home. the man also has right over the women. when i say over women i meant . those women who are very close relitive such as his wife and his sister and his aunt.
G :  (ME) Do you enjoy speaking with other exchange students?

Z : yes, i have a many friends who are exchange students.

G:Have you been able to visit any other parts of the United States?

 Z : Yes. I have visited many places in the United States. I visited Denver and new work city, over all it was good  experience for me.


G:   What are your home country’s major religions?

Z :   In my own country we only have one Religion and that is Islam  Major religion is Islamic there is no other religion in Somalia.


G: What influenced you to come to the United States? Especially, Saint Cloud State?

Z : My family has influenced to come in to in the United States and one of my friends he used to go to Saint Cloud state university because of this I come here to join him .

G:Do you have any questions for me? I have asked so many of you!

 Z : I don’t have questions thanks for asking .